As the popularity of e-cigarettes and vape pens continues to rise, so does interest in the consumables used in these devices – primarily known as e-liquids, or vaping liquids. This article explores the composition and safety aspects of these key components which bring the ‘smoke’ and flavor to the world of vaping.
E-liquids, also known as vape juice, contain several different ingredients: propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, flavorings, and nicotine (which is optional).
One of the main ingredients in e-liquids is propylene glycol (PG), a synthetic organic compound that is colorless, odorless, and possesses a slightly sweet taste. Due to its ability to absorb water, PG offers a ‘throat hit’ similar to what smokers experience with traditional cigarettes, making it popular amongst ex-smokers. Propylene glycol is deemed safe by the US FDA for consumption and is also used in various food products, cosmetic items, and medicines.
Another primary ingredient is vegetable glycerin (VG), a natural chemical derived from vegetable oil. Compared to propylene glycol, VG is thicker, sweeter, and produces more vapor, but less throat hit. Vegetable glycerin is hypoallergenic and recognized as safe for consumption by the FDA.
In addition to propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin, all e-liquids contain flavorings to enhance the user’s vaping experience. The good news is, most, if not all, of the flavorings found in e-liquids are food grade, hence safe for consumption.
Nicotine, the addictive agent in both traditional and electronic cigarettes, is the additive that brings the ‘buzz’ to the equation. It’s optional in e-liquids, allowing users to choose the strength of nicotine or even opt for a nicotine-free experience.
While these are the primary ingredients, what about the safety of e-liquids?
When it comes to the safety aspect, it’s crucial to note that e-liquids containing nicotine should be handled with care. Nicotine is a toxic substance and can potentially be harmful when handled incorrectly or consumed in large quantities. For this reason, childproof caps are required for most of the e-liquid bottles today.
Now, despite the general safety of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin, inhaling them can trigger allergic reactions in some people. The most common symptoms can be throat irritation, coughing, or dry mouth, although in severe instances, users may experience difficulty in breathing. If any of these symptoms occur, it’s advised to stop vaping and consult a medical professional.
Furthermore, while the flavorings in e-liquids are considered safe for ingestion, there’s still ongoing research about the effects of heating and inhaling them. The UK’s Department of Health, however, has reported that e-cigarettes are about 95% less harmful than tobacco.
Finally, keep in mind that quality matters when purchasing e-liquids. Materials and ingredients can vary significantly from manufacturer to manufacturer. It’s best to purchase from reputable suppliers that follow strict safety and quality guidelines.
In summary, the main ingredients of e-liquids – propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, flavorings, and optionally nicotine – have been generally recognized as safe for consumption. However, the effects of inhaling these substances over a prolonged period remain under scientific review. As with any product that introduces substances into your body, consumers should use discernment, attention, and always err on the side of caution and safety.
Stay informed, and vape safely.